英语单词desert翻译，英文单词desert的意思

desert

简明英汉词典

desert

[di5zE:t]

n.

沙漠, 应得的赏罚, 功过

adj.

沙漠的, 不毛的, 荒凉的

vt.

放弃, 遗弃, 逃跑

vi.

逃掉, 逃亡, 开小差

美国传统词典[双解]

desert

des.ert 1

AHD:[dμz“…rt]

D.J.[6dez*t]

K.K.[6dWz+t]

n.（名词）

(1)A barren or desolate area, especially:

荒地：贫瘠的或荒芜的区域，尤其指：

(2)A dry, often sandy region of little rainfall, extreme temperatures, and sparse vegetation.

沙漠：下雨很少，温度极高，植被贫乏的干燥，通常多沙的地区

(3)A region of permanent cold that is largely or entirely devoid of life.

冰原：长久寒冷，几乎没有生命的区域

(4)An apparently lifeless area of water.

死水：明显无生命的水域

(5)An empty or forsaken place; a wasteland:

荒地，荒原：空旷，荒芜的地方；荒地：

a cultural desert.

文化荒原

(6)Archaic A wild, uncultivated, and uninhabited region.

【古语】 不毛之地：荒凉的，未经开垦的，无人居住的区域

adj.（形容词）

(1)Of, relating to, characteristic of, or inhabiting a desert:

荒凉的，荒芜的：沙漠的，与沙漠有关的，多沙漠的，居住在沙漠的：

desert fauna.

生长在荒原上的动物群

(2)Barren and uninhabited; desolate:

荒凉的，不毛的：贫瘠而无人居住的；荒芜的，废弃的：

a desert island.

荒凉的岛

语源

(1)Middle English

中古英语

(2)from Old French

源自 古法语

(3)from Late Latin d?m [from neuter past participle of] d?serere [to desert] * see desert 3

源自 后期拉丁语 d?m [] 源自d?serere的中性过去分词 [荒废] *参见 desert3

基本词义

desert

de.sert 2

AHD:[d1-z?rt“]

D.J.[di6z*8t]

K.K.[d!6z)t]

n.（名词）

(1)Often deserts Something that is deserved or merited, especially a punishment:

常作 deserts 值得，应得：应得的东西（尤指惩罚）：

They got their just deserts when the scheme was finally uncovered.

当阴谋最终被揭露时，他们得到了他们应得的惩罚

(2)The state or fact of deserving reward or punishment.

受罚，受赏：应得到奖赏或惩罚的状态或事实

语源

(1)Middle English

中古英语

(2)from Old French deserte [from feminine past participle of] deservir [to deserve] * see deserve

源自 古法语 deserte [] 源自deservir的阴性过去分词 [应得] *参见 deserve

注释

When Shakespeare says in Sonnet 72, “Unless you would devise some virtuous lie,/To do more for me than mine own desert,” he is using the word desert in the sense of “worthiness; deserving,” a word that is perhaps most familiar to us in the plural, meaning “something that is deserved,” as in the phrase just deserts. This word goes back to the Latin word d?ore,} “to devote oneself to the service of,” which in Vulgar Latin came to mean “to merit by service.” D?ore} is made up of d?, meaning “thoroughly,” and servo, “to serve.” Knowing this, we can distinguish this desert from desert, “a wasteland,” and desert, “to abandon,” both of which go back to Latin d?, “to forsake, leave uninhabited,” which is made up of d?, expressing the notion of undoing, and the verb serere, “to link together.” We can also distinguish all three deserts from dessert, “a sweet course at the end of a meal,” which is from the French word desservir, “to clear the table.” Desservir is made up of des-, expressing the notion of reversal, and servir (from Latin servoe ), “to serve,” hence, “to unserve” or “to clear the table.”

当莎士比亚在第72首十四行诗中说：“除非你能编出善意的谎言/把我说得比我本人强得多”， 这里desert 的意思就是“应得的东西”。 对这个词，我们最熟悉的大概是其复数形式（意思是“应得的东西”）。例如在词组just deserts 中。 该词的起源可以追溯到拉丁词deservire ， 意为“为…而献身”， 在俗拉丁语中，意思就变成了“依据服务应得…”。Deservire 由de- 意思是“完全地，彻底地”和 servire “服务”组成。 知道了这些，我们就可以把desert 与 desert “荒原”和 desert “放弃”区别开来。 后面两个意义可追溯到拉丁语deserere “遗弃，无人居住”， 它由de- 表示“不做”的概念和动词 serere “连接到一起”组成。 我们也能把所有这三个deserts 与 dessert “正餐最后上的一道甜食”区分开来， 后者来自法语词desservir “收拾桌子”。 Desservir 由表达“反，逆”概念的des- 和 servir 组成（来自拉丁语 servire ）， 意为“服务”、“因此“、“不上菜”或“清理桌子”

基本词义

desert

de.sert 3

AHD:[d1-z?rt“]

D.J.[di6z*8t]

K.K.[d!6z)t]

v.（动词）

de.sert.ed， de.sert.ing， de.serts

v.tr.（及物动词）

(1)To leave empty or alone; abandon.

遗弃；放弃：留下空白或使独自；抛弃

(2)To withdraw from, especially in spite of a responsibility or duty; forsake:

远离，遗弃：远离，尤指不管责任或义务而远离；放弃：

deserted her friend in a time of need.

抛弃了需要她的朋友

(3)To abandon (a military post, for example) in violation of orders or an oath.

誓绝：以命令或以誓言强制放弃（军队官职等）

v.intr.（不及物动词）

To forsake one's duty or post, especially to be absent without leave from the armed forces with no intention of returning.

擅离职守：放弃职责或岗位，尤指从军队中开小差

语源

(1)French déserter

法语 déserter

(2)from Late Latin d?3re}

源自 后期拉丁语 d?3re}

(3)from Latin d?e d?sert- [to abandon]

源自 拉丁语 d?e d?sert- [放弃]

(4)d?- [de-]

d?- [前缀，表“放弃”]

(5)serere [to join] * see ser- 2

serere [参加] *参见 ser- 2

继承用法

desert“er

n.（名词）

现代英汉词典

desert 1

[dI5z\:t]

vt., vi.

(1)遗弃；抛弃；舍弃

(2)背弃；离弃

The fort had been hurriedly deserted.

这堡垒被仓促地放弃了。

(3)开小差；逃跑

基本词义

desert 2

[5dezEt]

n.

沙漠；不毛之地

the Sahara desert

撒哈拉大沙漠

词性变化

desert

adj.

(1)沙漠的

(2)不毛的，荒芜的，无人烟的

基本词义

desert 3

[dI5z\:t]

n.

（用pl）应得的奖赏；应受的惩罚

现代英汉综合大辞典

desert

[5dezEt]

n.

(1)沙漠; 不毛之地

(2)[喻]荒凉的境地; 枯燥无味的事物; 历史上的荒芜时代

(3)海洋中鱼类无法生存的地方

(4)缺乏某种事物的地方

词性变化

desert

[5dezEt]

adj.

沙漠的; 荒芜的; 不毛的, 无人居住的

继承用法

desert-sore

n.

沙漠疮

desertic

adj.

desertlike

adj.

特殊用法

arctic desert

北极荒漠

argillaceous desert

粘土荒漠

rainfall desert

降雨沙漠

runoff desert

径流沙漠

solonchalk desert

盐土荒漠

tropical desert

热带荒漠

用法词典

desert

词根sert 来自拉丁词serere放进去，放起来。de- 分开。把接起来的东西分开就是丢弃，抛弃。再引申为“沙漠”了

英文相关词典

desert

abandonforsakeleavefertile

[七国语言]英汉地质大词典

desert

沙漠

[七国语言]英汉地理大词典

desert

沙漠

[七国语言]英汉公共大词典

desert

抛弃

[七国语言]英汉农业大词典

desert

沙漠

[七国语言]英汉生物学大词典

desert

沙漠, 荒漠

美国传统词典

desert

des.ert 1

AHD:[dμz“…rt]

D.J.[6dez*t]

K.K.[6dWz+t]

n.

(1)A barren or desolate area, especially:

(2)A dry, often sandy region of little rainfall, extreme temperatures, and sparse vegetation.

(3)A region of permanent cold that is largely or entirely devoid of life.

(4)An apparently lifeless area of water.

(5)An empty or forsaken place; a wasteland:

a cultural desert.

(6)Archaic A wild, uncultivated, and uninhabited region.

adj.

(1)Of, relating to, characteristic of, or inhabiting a desert:

desert fauna.

(2)Barren and uninhabited; desolate:

a desert island.

语源

(1)Middle English

(2)from Old French

(3)from Late Latin d?m [from neuter past participle of] d?serere [to desert] * see desert 3

基本词义

desert

de.sert 2

AHD:[d1-z?rt“]

D.J.[di6z*8t]

K.K.[d!6z)t]

n.

(1)Often deserts Something that is deserved or merited, especially a punishment:

They got their just deserts when the scheme was finally uncovered.

(2)The state or fact of deserving reward or punishment.

语源

(1)Middle English

(2)from Old French deserte [from feminine past participle of] deservir [to deserve] * see deserve

注释

When Shakespeare says in Sonnet 72, “Unless you would devise some virtuous lie,/To do more for me than mine own desert,” he is using the word desert in the sense of “worthiness; deserving,” a word that is perhaps most familiar to us in the plural, meaning “something that is deserved,” as in the phrase just deserts. This word goes back to the Latin word d?ore,} “to devote oneself to the service of,” which in Vulgar Latin came to mean “to merit by service.” D?ore} is made up of d?, meaning “thoroughly,” and servo, “to serve.” Knowing this, we can distinguish this desert from desert, “a wasteland,” and desert, “to abandon,” both of which go back to Latin d?, “to forsake, leave uninhabited,” which is made up of d?, expressing the notion of undoing, and the verb serere, “to link together.” We can also distinguish all three deserts from dessert, “a sweet course at the end of a meal,” which is from the French word desservir, “to clear the table.” Desservir is made up of des-, expressing the notion of reversal, and servir (from Latin servoe ), “to serve,” hence, “to unserve” or “to clear the table.”

基本词义

desert

de.sert 3

AHD:[d1-z?rt“]

D.J.[di6z*8t]

K.K.[d!6z)t]

v.

de.sert.ed, de.sert.ing, de.serts

v.tr.

(1)To leave empty or alone; abandon.

(2)To withdraw from, especially in spite of a responsibility or duty; forsake:

deserted her friend in a time of need.

(3)To abandon (a military post, for example) in violation of orders or an oath.

v.intr.

To forsake one's duty or post, especially to be absent without leave from the armed forces with no intention of returning.

语源

(1)French déserter

(2)from Late Latin d?3re}

(3)from Latin d?e d?sert- [to abandon]

(4)d?- [de-]

(5)serere [to join] * see ser- 2

继承用法

desert“er

n.

[名词委审定]英汉地理学名词(1988)

desert

荒漠

[名词委审定]英汉公路科技名词(1997)

desert

沙漠

[名词委审定]英汉林学名词(1989)

desert

沙漠

[名词委审定]英汉土壤学名词(定义版, 1998)

desert

(1)沙漠

(2)为流沙、沙丘所覆盖的地区。

[名词委审定]英汉植物学名词(1991)

desert

荒漠

英汉船舶大词典

desert

n.丢,沙漠

英汉地质大词典

desert

n.沙漠,不毛的

英汉法学大词典

desert

v.擅离职守 ,遗弃

英汉环境大词典

desert

n.荒漠,沙漠

英汉航空大词典

desert

n.沙漠

英汉化学大词典

desert

adj.荒芜的,沙漠的,无人的;n.沙漠,荒地

英汉海运大词典

desert

荒地，沙漠(船员)私自离船抛弃，丢弃

基本词义

desert

荒地，沙漠(船员)私自离船荒芜的，丢弃，

英汉计算机大词典

desert

adj.荒芜的(沙漠的,无人的);n.沙漠(荒地)

英汉建筑大词典

desert

n.沙漠,荒地

英汉农牧林大词典

desert

n.荒漠,沙漠,不毛的

英汉水利大词典

desert

n.沙漠的,荒漠的,荒地

英汉医学大词典

desert

n.沙漠,荒漠

英汉中医大词典

desert

n.沙漠